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JLPT N3 Grammar Notes#Japanese#JLPT#JLPT N3#文法

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This post collects Alan's grammar notes for the JLPT N3, a short companion to his N4 notes. Each pattern is written as a KaTeX formula showing which forms it connects to, with a brief English gloss. It covers NといえばN, which names the first thing that comes to mind for a topic; 数量詞+も~, which stresses that a quantity is large; ~は~こと、~ことです for listing reasons; ~のでしょうか for asking a question; a verb's volitional form with としても followed by an intransitive or potential verb in the negative, meaning someone tried to do something but it did not work; and ~のは~ことです, glossed as "if A, then of course it is B".

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[N]といえば、[N]です\left[ \begin{array}{l} \text{N} \end{array} \right]\text{といえば、}\left[ \begin{array}{l} \text{N} \end{array} \right]\text{です} [数量詞]も~\left[ \begin{array}{l} \text{数量詞} \end{array} \right]\text{も~}

Stresses that the number or amount is large

[N]は[V普通形形容詞い形容詞な(だ→な)]こと、…ことです\left[ \begin{array}{l} \text{N} \end{array} \right]\text{は}\left[ \begin{array}{l} \text{V}_{\text{普通形}} \\ \text{形容詞}_{\text{い}} \\ \text{形容詞}_{\text{な}}\text{(}\cancel{\text{だ}}\rightarrow \text{な)} \end{array} \right]\text{こと、…ことです}

Listing reasons

[V普通形形容詞い形容詞な(だ→な)N(だ→な)]のでしょうか\left[ \begin{array}{l} \text{V}_{\text{普通形}} \\ \text{形容詞}_{\text{い}} \\ \text{形容詞}_{\text{な}}\text{(}\cancel{\text{だ}}\rightarrow \text{な)} \\ \text{N(}\cancel{\text{だ}}\rightarrow \text{な)} \end{array} \right]\text{のでしょうか}

Asks a question softly, without demanding a definite answer

[V意向形]としても[V自動詞+ない形・可能形+ない形]\left[ \begin{array}{l} \text{V}_{\text{意向形}} \end{array} \right]\text{としても}\left[ \begin{array}{l} \text{V}_{\text{自動詞+ない形・可能形+ない形}} \end{array} \right]

Even when one tries to do something, it does not happen or cannot be done

[V普通形形容詞いN(だ→な)形容詞な(だ→な)]のは[V普通形こと形容詞な(だ→なこと)N]です\left[ \begin{array}{l} \text{V}_{\text{普通形}} \\ \text{形容詞}_{\text{い}} \\ \text{N(}\cancel{\text{だ}}\rightarrow \text{な)} \\ \text{形容詞}_{\text{な}}\text{(}\cancel{\text{だ}}\rightarrow \text{な)} \end{array} \right]\text{のは}\left[ \begin{array}{l} \text{V}_{\text{普通形}}\text{こと} \\ \text{形容詞}_{\text{な}}\text{(}\cancel{\text{だ}}\rightarrow \text{なこと)} \\ \text{N} \end{array} \right]\text{です}

if A then of course it is

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Japanese

Japanese